competition wizard magazine 2021 pdf Publish this articles page no But again policy evolved as it learned that augmenting water supply was only one part of the challenge. Other challenges were – long distance source pumping and piping led to discharge loss electricity consumption etc. It made the available water expensive and more inequitable. As water supply dried up people turned to groundwater and without recharge meant declining water levels. water supply was linked to pollution — the more the water supplied the more is wastewater generation. This without adequate treatment leads to pollution of rivers. Later research revealed that the bulk of urban residents depend on on-site sewage disposal· systems as they are not connected to the underground sewerage network. In all this new solutions emerged — if the affordable water supply was critical then cities needed· to cut the length of their distribution pipelines. If cities needed to ensure affordable sanitation for all and affordable treatment of wastewater onsite systems could be re-engineered so that waste was collected from each household transported· and treated. We have learned that if this urban-industrial wastewater is treated for reusethen water is not· lost. More importantly our rivers will not be lost. The Indian experience shows the world how water management can be reinvented so that it is· affordable and sustainable it puts water in the hands of communities and focused on decentralised recharge and reuse. competition wizard magazine 2021 pdf
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